True or False: Ingesting a mixture of protein and carbohydrates after exercise optimally increases glycogen saturation and protein synthesis.

The statement is true because consuming a mixture of protein and carbohydrates after exercise plays a significant role in enhancing both glycogen resynthesis and muscle protein synthesis. After engaging in physical activity, particularly endurance or resistance training, the body experiences a state of increased insulin sensitivity; this period is often referred to as the "anabolic window."

During this window, carbohydrates consumed can effectively replenish glycogen stores that have been depleted during exercise. When carbohydrates are ingested alongside protein, the insulin response is amplified, which not only supports glycogen uptake by the muscles but also promotes amino acid uptake essential for muscle repair and growth. This synergistic effect optimally enhances recovery, making the combination of these macronutrients particularly beneficial for anyone looking to improve performance and recovery.

This information underscores the importance of post-exercise nutrition regardless of the specific intensity or type of workout, though the exact ratios of protein to carbohydrates may vary depending on individual circumstances such as the type of exercise performed and the athlete's goals.