How does caffeine affect the body?

Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that primarily affects the body by increasing alertness and energy levels. It works by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, which are responsible for promoting sleep and relaxation. This inhibition leads to increased neurotransmitter activity, including dopamine and norepinephrine, which enhances mood, mental clarity, and overall energy levels. As a result, individuals often feel more awake and capable of focusing for extended periods after consuming caffeine.

These stimulating effects can be particularly beneficial for athletes or anyone engaged in activities requiring concentration or endurance, as increased alertness can improve performance and reduce perception of fatigue. Caffeine's ability to enhance physical performance stems from its stimulation of the nervous system, leading to improved reaction times and increased motivation to exercise.