How can excessive sugar intake affect health?

Excessive sugar intake can significantly impact health by contributing to a range of serious conditions. High sugar consumption has been linked to obesity, as sugary foods and beverages can be calorie-dense while providing little nutritional value, leading individuals to consume more calories than they need. This excessive caloric intake can, over time, result in weight gain and obesity, which is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases.

Furthermore, excessive sugar has a profound effect on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, often resulting in type 2 diabetes. As insulin becomes less effective, blood sugar levels can rise, leading to the development of insulin resistance and eventually diabetes.

Additionally, high sugar intake is associated with increased risks of heart disease. This occurs through multiple pathways, including the promotion of inflammation, elevated triglyceride levels, and the potential for increased blood pressure. These factors collectively contribute to a higher risk of cardiovascular events.

Thus, option B accurately encapsulates the harmful effects of consuming too much sugar, highlighting its role in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and increased heart disease risk. This understanding underscores the importance of moderating sugar intake to maintain overall health.